精密单点定位用户自主式完备性监测算法     

秘金钟  李玮  谷守周 《测绘学报》2011,(Z1):63-67

精密单点定位PPP是当前GNSS高精度定位中的关键技术之一,使用的PPP采用扩展卡尔曼滤波估计,未知参数包括站点坐标,接收机钟差,对流层延迟以及虚拟未知数。在QR奇偶检校法的基础上,重点考察设计矩阵向量间的相关距离,将其作为粗差探测和识别的研究对象。通过向量相关距离时间序列,可以区分单个粗差和多个粗差的粗差集。提出精密单点定位的RAIM算法,解决了精密单点定位中的质量控制问题,使得多个粗差的识别更加清晰和快捷。  相似文献   

自适应换站算法及其在长距离机载GPS动态相对定位中的应用     

王潜心  徐天河  许国昌 《测绘学报》2011,40(4)

提出采用＂自适应换站＂法来解决单基线处理模式难以满足长距离动态定位的问题。该方法的主要思想是：整个解算过程始终保持单基线的动态定位模式,当发现流动站与原参考站间的距离大于流动站与其他参考站间的距离时,自动更换周围最近的参考站作为新参考站;对换站前后的数据设置一定时间的重叠段,利用等价消参法将换站前后的数据进行严格的自适应融合,以保持整个解算过程的连续性。通过对实测机载数据的解算,证明该方法不仅可以克服因载体飞行距离过远而导致的定位精度下降,而且能够避免因换站所引起的前后解的不连续,计算结果表明该方法的定位精度约为2 cm。  相似文献   

超高阶次勒让德函数递推计算中的压缩因子和Horner求和技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵丽华  杨元喜  王庆良 《测绘学报》2011,40(4):0-441

摘要：超高阶次（如2000阶次）缔合勒让德函数值的递推计算,在接近两极时达到极大的数量级（超过10的数千次方）,这导致现有递推方法在计算缔合勒让德函数值及其导数值时失效。我们通过插入压缩因子技术,提出一个修改的递推算法,并结合使用Horner求和技术计算球谐级数的部分和。试验表明,该算法至少可以计算到3600完全阶次的球谐级数式,优于现有结果。  相似文献   

基于R树索引的三维场景细节层次自适应控制方法   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

龚俊  朱庆  章汉武  李晓明  周东波 《测绘学报》2011,40(4):531-534

针对大规模三维城市建模需要,介绍一种基于三维R树索引的多细节层次（简称LOD）管理方法,从叶节点层向根节点自动生成LOD场景,并设计实现LOD检索的算法。通过试验分析,证明本文的LOD定义参数能够定量控制三维场景中的渲染目标数目,进而实现三维场景的自适应可视化方法,尤其适合于建筑物和树木类型的地物目标。  相似文献   

多普勒雷达降水反演及其与改进的区域气候模式RIEMS的同化研究     

吴明光  陈泰生  檀姗姗  骆骐  闾国年  盛业华 《测绘学报》2011,40(5):0-0

本博士论文在前人构建的陆面水文过程模型TOPX和区域气候模式RIEMS的耦合模式的框架基础上,针对耦合模式中RIEMS对降水和蒸散发的模拟精度较低,RIEMS和TOPX模式之间尺度不匹配等几个核心问题进行了深入细致的研究:对天气雷达资料的定量估测降水方面的研究获得了对沂沭河流域最佳的Z-R关系,并通过雷达雨量计联合校正法得到较高精度的面降雨量;采用集合卡尔曼滤波同化算法对雷达反演的面雨量及区域气候模式RIEMS的降水输出进行了数据同化方案研究,获得了更好的降水模拟效果;在RIEMS和水文模型TOPX构成的耦合模型中加入同化方案,实现了流域降水的实例模拟研究,结果表明使用同化方案明显改善了水文模拟效果。  相似文献   

时-空二维波传播分解方法及其在季节内振荡分析中的应用     

王伟  李建平  丁瑞强 《气象学报》2011,69(4):555-569

大气季节内振荡最显著的特征之一就是其复杂多变的传播特征。为了进一步分析大气季节内振荡的传播特征及其不同传播方向分量的不同作用,基于波的传播理论,对时-空谱分析进行了发展,提出了时-空二维波传播分解方法,并用理想函数验证了其正确性和可行性。结果表明:对任一时-空二维序列,采用此方法均可正确地分解得到空间上具有不同传播方向的3部分分量:前进波、后退波和驻波分量。之后,对向外长波辐射(OLR)、200和850hPa纬向风的东传、西传分量以及驻波分量分别进行联合经验正交函数(CEOF)分析。结果表明,在东传分量上,热带大气季节内振荡主要表现为纬向1波的向东传播,与对流层高、低层纬向风呈现反位相的斜压结构,和未分解的情况相比,前两个主要模态重要性的排序出现了颠倒,说明通过时-空二维波传播分解,避开了各分量之间的相互影响,进一步揭示了前两个模态的物理意义及其在季节内振荡中的重要性;在西传分量上,热带大气季节内振荡主要表现为纬向2—3波的向西传播;驻波分量主要表现出印度洋和太平洋的反位相结构。对热带地区大气季节内振荡的东、西分量的分析,深化了对热带大气季节内振荡东传、西传特征的了解,这对于热带大气季节内振荡更加准确预报及其...  相似文献   

Urban Metabolism Based on Emergy and Slack Based Model: A Case Study of Beijing,China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

SONG Tao  CAI Jianming  XU Hui  DENG Yu  NIU Fangqu  YANG Zhenshan  DU Shanshan 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2015,(1):113-123

The key to studying urban sustainable development depends on quantifying stores, efficiencies of urban metabolisms and capturing urban metabolisms′ mechanisms. This paper builds up the metabolic emergy account and quantifies some important concepts of emergy stores. Emphasis is placed on the urban metabolic model based on the slack based model(SBM) method to measure urban metabolic efficiencies. Urban metabolic mechanisms are discussed by using the regression method. By integrating these models, this paper analyzes the urban metabolic development in Beijing from 2001 to 2010. We conclude that the metabolic emergy stores of Beijing increased significantly from 2001 to 2010, with the emergy imported accounting for most of the increase. The metabolic efficiencies in Beijing have improved since the 2008 Olympic Games. The population, economic growth, industrial structures, and environmental governance positively affect the overall urban metabolism, while the land expansion, urbanization and environmentally technical levels hinder the improving of urban metabolic efficiencies. The SBM metabolic method and the regression model based on the emergy analysis provide insights into the urban metabolic efficiencies and the mechanism. They can promote to integrate such concepts into their sustainability analyses and policy decisions.  相似文献   

Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Land Use Intensity of Coastal Zone in China During 2000–2010     

DI Xianghong  HOU Xiyong  WANG Yuandong  WU Li 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2015,(1):51-61

Based on remote sensing and GIS techniques, land use maps in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in China′s coastal zone were produced, and structural raster data of land use were further generated to calculate land use intensity comprehensive index(LUICI) for analyzing land use spatial-temporal characteristics at 1 km scale. Results show that: 1) from the perspective of spatial patterns of landforms at a macro scale, there is a significant difference in land use intensity between the north and the south of China′s coastal zone. Hotspots of changes mainly concentrated in metropolitan areas, estuaries and coastal wetlands; 2) elevation is an important factor that controlling land use spatial patterns at local scale. Land use intensity is much higher within areas below the elevation of 400 m and it decreased significantly as the elevation increasing; 3) there is a significant land-ocean gradient for land use intensity, which is low in island and near-shore areas, but high in the regions that 4–30 km far away the coastline because of much intensive human activities; however, in recent decades land use intensity had been promoted significantly in low near-shore area due to extensive sea reclamations; 4) significant differences of land use intensity were also found among provincial administrative units. A rising trend of land use intensity was found in provincial-level administrative units from 2000 to 2010. To sum up, elevation, land-ocean gradient, socio-economic status and policy are all influencing factors to the spatial patterns and temporal variations of land use intensity in China′s coastal zone.  相似文献   

X-ray afterglow of GRB 050712: multiple energy injections into the external shock     

Liang-Duan Liu  A-Ming Chen 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2014,(5):610-616

As indicated by observed X-ray flares,a great amount of energy can be intermittently released from the postburst central engine of gamma-ray bursts(GRBs).As a natural consequence,the GRB’s external shock could be repeatedly energized.With such a multiple energy injection model,we explore the unique X-ray afterglow light curve of GRB 050712,which exhibits four shallow decay plateaus.Together with three early X-ray flares,the central engine of GRB 050712 is believed to have released energy at least seven times after the burst.Furthermore,we find that the energies released during the four plateaus are all on the same order of magnitude,but the luminosity significantly decreased with time.These results may provide some interesting implications for the GRB central engine.  相似文献   

Optical observations of the broad-lined type Ic supernova SN 2012ap     

Zheng Liu  Xu-Lin Zhao  Fang Huang  Xiao-Feng Wang  Tian-Meng Zhang  Jun-Cheng Chen  Tong-Jie Zhang 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2015,(2):225-236

The optical observations of the type Ic supernova(SN Ic) SN 2012 ap in NGC 1729 are presented. A comparison with other SNe Ic indicates that SN 2012 ap is highly reddened(with E(B- V)host～0.8 mag) and may represent one of the most luminous SNe Ic ever observed, with an absolute V-band peak magnitude of ～-19.3±0.5 mag after extinction correction. The near-maximum-light spectrum shows wide spectral features that are typical of broad-lined SNe Ic. One interesting feature in the spectrum is the appearance of some narrow absorption features that can be attributed to the diffuse interstellar bands, consistent with the large reddening inferred from the photometric method. Based on the light curves and the spectral data, we estimate that SN 2012 ap produced a56 Ni mass of ～ 0.3 ± 0.1M in the explosion, with an ejecta mass of 2.4+0.7-0.7M and a kinetic energy of E5K= 1.1+0.4-0.4× 102 erg. The properties of its progenitor are also briefly discussed.  相似文献